# Russia is Destroying the Crimean Heritage

> Since 2022, Russian fortifications have cut through archaeological sites along Crimea's western coast — burial mounds, fortress walls, and buried layers that record three thousand years of continuous settlement.

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Publication date: 2026-10-16. Authors: [Center for Spatial Technologies](https://spatialtech.info), [Crimean Institute for Strategic Studies](https://ciss.org.ua). Publisher: Center for Spatial Technologies.

## Articles

- [English: Russia is Destroying the Crimean Heritage](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/en/index.md): Full article in Markdown · [Canonical HTML](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/en/) · [Reader view](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/en/?mode=read)

- [Українська: Спадщина Криму під загрозою](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/uk/index.md): Full article in Markdown · [Canonical HTML](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/uk/) · [Reader view](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/uk/?mode=read)

## Sections (15)

- [Russia is Destroying the Crimean Heritage](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/en/#intro): Since 2022, Russian fortifications have cut through archaeological sites along the west coast of Crimea.

- [A Three-Thousand-Year-Old Landscape](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/en/#historical-landscape): Western Crimea has been continuously inhabited from the Bronze Age to the Middle Ages.

- [Consequences of the Russian Occupation](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/en/#modern-threats): Russian fortification construction and illegal excavations are dismantling heritage protection across occupied Crimea.

- [Panske](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/en/#panske): Panske is a planned cluster of monumental Greek estates with a tumulus necropolis.

- [Destruction of Panske Necropolis](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/en/#panske-damage): A Russian field camp and earthworks cut through the top of Panske’s burial grounds.

- [Beliaus](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/en/#beliaus): The coastal Greek fortress of Beliaus, contested for centuries by Scythians and Romans.

- [Mapping the Destruction of the Fortress](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/en/#beliaus-damage): The scale of destruction of Beliaus.

- [Scale of Destruction of Beliaus](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/en/#beliaus-3d): Trenches, firing positions, and spoil heaps run across the settlement and the necropolis of Beliaus.

- [Kulchuk](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/en/#kulchuk): The ancient settlement of Kulchuk grew from a coastal outpost into a heavily fortified Greek, then Scythian fortress.

- [Heritage Losses at Kulchuk](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/en/#kulchuk-damage): Russian fortifications have erased physical evidence from every episode in Kulchuk’s history.

- [Kulchuk Model](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/en/#kulchuk-3d): In Kulchuk, Russian firing positions follow exactly the cliff line that the Greeks and Scythians fortified.

- [Ust-Alma](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/en/#ust-alma): Ust-Alma is the largest late Scythian hillfort in southwestern Crimea, with a Sarmatian noble necropolis.

- [Destruction of Hillfort and Necropolis](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/en/#ust-alma-damage): Trenches, firing positions, and unauthorized excavations damaged Ust-Alma’s hillfort and necropolis.

- [Destruction of Burial Sites](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/en/#ust-alma-kurhan): Trenches have also cut through Bronze Age barrows on the left bank of the Alma River.

- [Legal Assessment and Conclusions](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/en/#outro): Russia’s actions at sites of Crimean heritage entail liability under several bodies of international law.

## Discovery

- [Sitemap](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/sitemap-index.xml)

- [Crawler policy](https://crimea-heritage.spatialtech.info/robots.txt)